Russian President Vladimir Putin has held onto power in Russia for over 23 years – without any meaningful opposition. The death of the Kremlin's main critic, Alexei Navalny, on February 16 was a reminder of just how dangerous it is to oppose the Russian regime.

But that hasn't stopped Russians from speaking out. Journalists, activists, politicians and lawyers have been critical of the president, despite the fact that being a critic of Putin could result in a prison sentence. The most outspoken opponents have been forced into exile, ended up behind bars, or assassinated.

In this short video, Le Monde looks at some of Putin's most well-known opponents.