French authorities ordered Nestlé on Wednesday, May 7, to stop filtering its Perrier and held back on allowing the under-pressure brand from using the description "natural mineral water." The government prefect for the southern Gard region, where Perrier is extracted and bottled, said, however, that the product was not a risk to consumers.
But having to remove the filtering system within two months was a new blow for Perrier's owner, Nestlé Waters, which has said that at the peak of its popularity sold nearly one billion bottles a year in 140 countries around the world. The Swiss food and drinks conglomerate has been under pressure for some time over Perrier and other brands as EU regulations strictly limit what treatments are allowed for any product marketed as natural mineral water.
Nestlé Waters said in a statement that it would comply with the order to stop microfiltering and that was "determined to seek solutions" that would allow the prefect to renew authorisation to use the "natural mineral water" description. Authorities said a decision on whether Perrier can be considered "natural mineral water" would be made by August 7.
Following complaints by consumer groups, a French magistrate this year launched a fraud inquiry into Nestlé and rival bottler Sources Alma over suspicions of illegal processing of mineral waters that command a premium price. In 2024, Nestlé Waters admitted using banned filters and ultra-violet treatment on mineral waters, which must be processed naturally by law. It paid a two-million-euro ($2.2-million) fine to avoid legal action over the use of illegal water sources and filtering. It said at the time, though, that the replacement filters were approved by the government and that its water was "pure."
However, regional health authority experts judged the microfiltering system in place did not comply with regulations, prompting Wednesday's order. The possibility that the government may have turned a blind eye to illegal filtering practices has been under investigation by a French senate committee following media reports that the prime minister's office and president's office had in 2023 recommended letting Nestlé carry on with the microfiltering despite official warnings.
President Emmanuel Macron has denied giving in to lobbying by the Swiss food giant. "One illegal treatment has been replaced by another. The government, which had approved Nestlé Waters' transformation plan, is heavily at fault," said socialist Senator Alexandre Ouizille, who is leading the Senate investigation which is due to be published on May 19.
Foodwatch, one of the consumer groups that had spoken out publicly about the practices of bottlers, said Wednesday that "this decision goes in the right direction" and expressed hope that the investigation underway will "shed complete light on the actions committed by the multinational and its executives."