A new study shows that most Canadians view the United States as a “top threat,” highlighting the increasingly strained relationship between the two countries. It has been on the rocks since President Donald Trump won re-election.

A majority of respondents in Canada said the U.S. is simultaneously their nation’s greatest threat (59%) and greatest ally (55%), according to a Pew Research Center survey released Tuesday. The pollster says the U.S. is Canada’s top response to both questions.

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Meanwhile, only 11% view Russia as a threat, and 17% feel the same way about China.

The findings come as President Donald Trump and Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney continue negotiating a trade deal that seeks to reduce the rate of U.S. tariffs, which won’t be imposed on foreign trading partners until Aug. 1.

The two nations have been sparring over tariffs for months, imposing trade taxes on each other in a tit-for-tat battle.

Trump also targeted Canada in his rhetoric, suggesting the country could become the 51st state in the U.S. Trump first proposed the idea when former Prime Minister Justin Trudeau was still in office. In March, Carney won the race to replace Trudeau.

The survey shows that the share of Canadians who recently named the U.S. as their nation’s greatest threat is nearly triple the amount that it was in 2019 (20%).

Mexico similarly views the U.S. as a threat, with 68% of Mexican respondents saying so. However, only 6% say Russia is a top threat, and 5% say China is a top threat.

In 2019, 56% of Mexicans considered the U.S. their nation’s greatest threat.

Since his first term in the White House, Trump has had a tough relationship with Mexico over his stringent immigration policies that secure the southern border and target Mexico’s drug cartels.

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With Mexico also being subject to U.S. tariffs, Mexican President Claudia Sheinbaum Pardo has antagonized Trump but done so in a way that has earned Trump’s favor. The president has praised his counterpart as a “tough” and “wonderful” woman.

The Pew Research Center surveyed 28,333 adults across 25 countries, including Canada and Mexico, from Jan. 8 to April 26.