The economy expanded by 1.1% in the first quarter of this year, the Bureau of Economic Analysis reported Thursday morning, showing some resilience in the face of several major headwinds.

Economists had expected gross domestic product growth to increase by 2%, so the preliminary report is weaker than forecast.

The GDP numbers, which are adjusted for inflation, represent the government’s preliminary estimate — the first of three revisions that will be made over the coming months as analysts get a better picture of how the economy performed from the start of the year through March.

The first-quarter growth came as the Federal Reserve increased its interest rate target, an action meant to slow economic activity.

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Still, even though Thursday’s preliminary reading was in the black, most economists expect GDP growth to fall off as the year drags on and economic conditions darken. Many, including Fed staff, are forecasting at least a mild recession later this year.

The first quarter GDP numbers follow positive GDP growth in the fourth quarter of last year.

The economy grew at a 2.6% annual rate from October through the end of last year. Still, household spending and business investment slowed to end the year.

For all of 2022, the economy grew 2.1% — a year marked first by recession fears and then by the biggest surge of inflation in decades, which prompted an intense campaign by the Federal Reserve to ease price pressures through interest rate hikes.

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The Fed once again hiked interest rates last month by a modest degree, even despite growing uncertainty in the banking sector. And investors overwhelmingly expect another quarter percentage point rate revision a week from now when Fed officials next meet.

That rate hike would come amid signs the labor market is finally softening in response to the year of monetary tightening.