Support for Israel’s military action in Gaza has declined substantially among US adults since the war with Hamas began, with a new low of only about one-third now approving, according to a Gallup poll released Tuesday.
The new poll also found that about half of American adults now have an unfavorable view of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, the most negative rating he has received since he was first included in Gallup polling in 1997, during his first stint as premier.
The findings underscore the Israeli government’s dramatic loss of support within the United States. But not everyone is shifting, with the war instead becoming more politically polarizing.
The rising disapproval is driven by Democrats and independents, who are much less likely to approve of Israel’s actions than they were in November 2023, just after Israel began its ground offensive in Gaza following the devastating Hamas-led attack of October 7.
Republicans, on the other hand, remain largely supportive of both Israel’s military actions and Netanyahu.
The poll was conducted on July 7-21, while reports of starvation in Gaza led to international criticism of Israel’s decision to restrict food aid, though before US President Donald Trump expressed concern over the worsening humanitarian situation.
The new poll found that about 6 in 10 US adults disapprove of the military action Israel has taken in Gaza, up from 45% in November 2023. At that time, 50% said they approved.
The 32% approval figure in the latest poll marked the lowest level of support for Israel’s offensive since the question was first asked by Gallup in November 2023, with support among Americans dwindling as the war has continued. In March 2024, about half of US adults disapproved of Israel’s military action in Gaza, which fell slightly as the year wore on.
In a new low, only 8% of Democrats and one-quarter of independents say they now approve of Israel’s military campaign, down from 36% and 47%, respectively, in November 2023. By contrast, 71% of Republicans approve, a number that has stayed relatively stable throughout the war.
Some of the decline among Democrats and independents may be attributed to the change in administration. While former US president Joe Biden faced significant pushback from fellow Democrats on his handling of the conflict between the Israelis and the Palestinians, they may be even more frustrated by the approach of Trump, a Republican who is generally considered to be aligned with Netanyahu.
Young adults are also much more likely to disapprove of Israel’s actions. Only about 1 in 10 adults under age 35 say they approve of Israel’s military choices in Gaza, compared with about half of those who are 55 or older.
Democrats and young people also widely disapproved of Israel’s attack on Iran’s nuclear program last month, the poll found. Just 12% of Democrats and 31% of independents said they approved of Israeli military actions in Iran, compared to 78% of Republicans. And 15% of those ages 18 to 34 approved, compared to 55% of those 55 and older.
Gallup senior editor Megan Brenan said the latest figures reflect an enduring partisan divide. Even as Democrats grow increasingly unhappy with Israel’s military campaign, Republicans remain supportive.
“We’ve seen this drop in approval since last fall, and it’s really driven by Democrats and independents,” Brenan said. “Republicans are still willing to be in this for the time being.”
Previous Gallup polling has shown a yawning partisan gap on Israel. A February poll found that just 33% of Democrats have a favorable view of Israel compared to 83% of Republicans.
Views of Netanyahu have also grown less favorable over the past few years, with more viewing him negatively than positively in measurements taken since the war in Gaza began.
About half of US adults, 52%, now have an unfavorable view of Netanyahu in the new poll, which overlapped with Netanyahu’s recent visit to the US. Just 29% view him positively, and about 2 in 10 either haven’t heard of him or don’t have an opinion.
That’s a change — although not a huge one — since December 2023, when 47% of US adults had an unfavorable view of Netanyahu and 33% had a favorable opinion. But it’s a reversal from as recently as April 2019, when more US adults viewed him positively than negatively.
Republicans have a much more positive view of Netanyahu than Democrats and independents do. About two-thirds of Republicans view him favorably, which is in line with last year. About 1 in 10 Democrats and 2 in 10 independents feel the same way.
“This is the first time we’ve seen a majority of Americans with an unfavorable view of him,” Brenan said. “All of these questions in this poll show us basically the same story, and it’s not a good one for the Israeli government right now.”
In addition, more than half of US adults, 55%, disapprove of Trump’s handling of the situation in the Middle East, according to a July AP-NORC poll.
But the conflict has not weighed as heavily on Trump as it did on Biden, who watched Democrats splinter on the issue. That’s because of Trump’s solid support from his base on this issue, reflected in Republicans’ continued approval of Israel’s military action.
About 8 in 10 Republicans approve of Trump’s handling of the situation in the Middle East. By contrast, only about 4 in 10 Democrats approved of Biden’s handling of the conflict between the Israelis and the Palestinians last summer, shortly before he dropped out of the US presidential race.
In an AP-NORC poll from March, Republicans were significantly more likely than Democrats and independents to say they sympathized more with the Israelis than with the Palestinians in the conflict.
And while Americans overall were more likely to say it was “extremely” or “very” important for the United States to provide humanitarian relief to Palestinians in Gaza than to say the same about providing aid to Israel’s military, Republicans said the opposite — more saw military aid to Israel as a higher priority than providing humanitarian relief to the Palestinians in Gaza.