Not long ago, two factories operated in Colorado by Vestas Wind Systems, the world’s leading turbine maker, were barely functioning. They had “next to no orders,” said the company’s chief executive, Henrik Andersen.

Now, flush with the stimulus for renewable energy from the Biden administration’s Inflation Reduction Act, Vestas is “running two shifts in the factories again,” and struggling to train people fast enough to staff them, Mr. Andersen said.

Despite this burst of activity, the wind industry overall still faces numerous challenges, including soaring costs. And after Donald J. Trump’s presidential victory, the critical question is whether the recent recovery will prove fleeting.

In recent decades, renewable industries like wind have seen sharp swings. The early 2020s were brutal for companies like Vestas, which took a battering as the pandemic played havoc with their suppliers and inflation left them stuck with billions of dollars of unprofitable contracts.

By raising prices and slowing the costly introduction of ever-larger turbines, companies have recovered financial health, although profits are still thin for an industry that needs to keep investing in new plants and technology to maintain the double-digit growth of recent years.

Vestas, based in Denmark, can be considered emblematic of the wind industry. Last week, it reported a profit of 127 million euros on €5.2 billion in revenue for the third quarter — not big money, but an improvement on the loss of €1.6 billion in 2022. “We have turned the corner on our turbine business,” Mr. Andersen said.