The Oklahoma state superintendent vowed on Wednesday to force public schools to comply with his mandate that they teach the Bible and issued striking guidance for teachers, amid pushback from critics who say the move infringes on students’ religious freedom.

According to the guidance from Ryan Walters, the Republican state superintendent, every teacher must be given “a physical copy of the Bible, the United States Constitution, the Declaration of Independence and the Ten Commandments.” It breaks down how instructors should teach the Bible — including its historical context, literary significance and influences on the arts and music — and by grade levels from five to 12.

The guidance comes about a month after Mr. Walters, a conservative Christian and former high school history teacher, directed all state K-12 schools to teach the Bible. The mandate was seen as an extraordinary move to push the limits of religious instruction in public schools, and reflects a growing view among conservatives that American democracy should be explicitly rooted in Christian values.

The directive was met with swift criticism from school district officials and others who said it infringed on students’ and teachers’ rights to religious freedom. Some school district leaders have responded with defiance, vowing to not comply with the requirement. But in a social media post announcing the guidance, Mr. Walters sought to crack down on any resistance.

“We will not allow rogue districts and administrators to indoctrinate hatred of America by refusing to teach foundational Oklahoma standards,” Mr. Walters wrote on X. “You cannot rewrite history. The left does not like it, but it will be taught.”

The guidance instructs teachers on how to integrate the Bible into their classes. For example, instructors must describe how the Bible shaped Western concepts of justice and influenced documents like the Declaration of Independence and speeches by the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., and explore biblical references to illustrate literary techniques like allegory and metaphor.