Israel attempted to kill senior members of Hamas’s leadership in an airstrike on Tuesday in Qatar, a primary mediator to end the war in Gaza and a U.S. ally.

The Israeli attack on Qatari soil could complicate ties between the nations and undermine cease-fire negotiations.

Here’s what to know.

Why Did Israel Attack?

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defense Minister Israel Katz said in a statement on Tuesday that they had ordered the attack on Qatari soil “in light of an operational opportunity” and “given the fact that it was this Hamas leadership that initiated and organized the October 7 massacre,” as well as subsequent attacks on Israel.

“Over are the days when leaders of terror enjoy immunity anywhere,” Mr. Netanyahu said in a speech later on Tuesday, in reference to the strike.

Who Was Killed?

A Qatari Foreign Ministry spokesman, Majed al-Ansari, said that the attack in the capital, Doha, had targeted a residential building where senior Hamas politicians lived. The area hit was near schools and foreign embassies. The strike killed a member of Qatar’s internal security forces and injured others, the Interior Ministry said in a statement.