Israel targeted senior members of Hamas’s leadership in an attack on Tuesday in the Gulf nation of Qatar, which has been mediating to try to end the Gaza war.

The fate of the officials was not immediately known.

Qatar condemned the attack, which Majed al-Ansari, the spokesman for the Qatari foreign ministry, said in a statement targeted the “residential headquarters” where a number of senior Hamas politicians lived.

Al-Araby TV, a Qatari-based channel, broadcast footage of smoke rising over Doha, the Qatari capital.

In May, Israel Katz, Israel’s defense minister, vowed that Khalil al-Hayya, the chief Hamas negotiator, would be killed.

Qatar has played a major role as a mediator in talks between Israel and Hamas to end the war in Gaza. The direct attack on Qatari soil risks antagonizing its government and unraveling those diplomatic efforts, particularly because Qatar’s political and economic stability hinges on its reputation as a safe haven for business and tourism in a volatile region.

Qatar agreed to host an office for Hamas at the request of the United States, Qatari officials have said in the past.

“This criminal assault constitutes a blatant violation of all international laws and norms, and poses a serious threat to the security and safety of Qataris and residents in Qatar,” Mr. Al Ansari said in a statement.