After nearly two months on strike, some 33,000 Boeing employees will return to work over the next week. But getting the troubled manufacturer back on track will take a lot longer.

Even before the strike began on Sept. 13, Boeing faced challenges, including a quality crisis, mounting debt and supply chain chaos. The Monday vote by union members to accept a contract and end the strike will put the focus back on how the company and its new chief executive, Kelly Ortberg, plan to address those festering problems.

“Resolution of the strike was low hanging fruit,” Jonathan Root, a senior vice president for Moody’s Ratings, said in a statement on Tuesday.

Here’s a look at some of the items at the top of Mr. Ortberg’s to-do list.

Improve Quality

Mr. Ortberg joined Boeing in August, inheriting a company in trouble.

In January, a panel blew off a 737 Max plane during an Alaska Airlines flight, resurfacing concerns about the quality and safety of Boeing planes five years after two fatal Max crashes. The Federal Aviation Administration increased oversight of the company and limited production of the jet.

Boeing is working to improve quality, including adding more inspections internally and at its suppliers. The company is giving employees more training, simplifying plans and procedures, and reducing the amount of work performed out of sequence to minimize the risk of mistakes.