Whenever Mayor Eric Adams has faced adversity, he has sought refuge in the pulpit of Black churches, and he returned there on Sunday as he confronted fresh calls to resign.

Mr. Adams, a New York City Democrat who is running for re-election, made clear that he would not leave office on his own after the Justice Department’s push last week to drop the corruption case against him, which raised concerns that he is now beholden to President Trump.

“People are dancing on my grave,” the mayor said on Sunday, but he predicted that he would rise from the dead like the biblical figure Lazarus.

“I’ve got a mission to finish,” he said at Maranatha Baptist Church in Queens, adding: “I am going nowhere.”

The mayor was greeted warmly at the two Queens churches he visited, and their pastors gave him effusive introductions.

Outside Mount Olivet Baptist Church in Hollis, the mayor’s second stop, Derrick Hunt, 63, said that the charges against Mr. Adams seemed politically motivated in response to the mayor’s criticism of the Biden administration over the migrant crisis.