Tara Marcelle says she doesn’t remember exactly what she said near the nurses’ station the day that the conservative activist Charlie Kirk was shot. She remembers making some dark jokes with her colleagues and, at some point, laughing. But she knows one thing for sure: It cost her her job.

Two days after the shooting, Ms. Marcelle was handed a letter of dismissal and told to pack up her things at the hospital in Phoenix where she had worked as a nurse for four years.

“Your behavior was described as disgraceful, morally unacceptable and abhorrent as you publicly expressed joy and laughter regarding the assassination of a public figure,” her termination letter read.

Ms. Marcelle, a 43-year-old Air Force veteran, said she never said Mr. Kirk deserved to be killed, but she is now among scores of people across the country who have been fired, suspended, reassigned or pushed to resign in the past two weeks for things they said about Mr. Kirk or his assassination.

Though there is no way of determining exactly how many people have faced workplace consequences, The New York Times identified more than 145 such cases through news reports, public statements and interviews with several of those targeted. Those who have faced discipline are professors and health care workers, lawyers and journalists, restaurant workers and airline employees.

They include a North Carolina police officer suspended for calling Mr. Kirk racist while also saying the shooting was horrific, a burger restaurant manager in Illinois who commented that “another one bites the dust,” and a California restaurant employee who said Mr. Kirk could “burn in hell.”