• Middle East and North Africa
• John Haltiwanger

February 25, 2025, 6:08 PM View Comments ()

Israeli opposition leader Yair Lapid unveiled a plan on Tuesday for postwar governance in Gaza that would see Hamas removed from power and Egypt assume temporary control of the enclave once the current cease-fire deal is completed and all hostages are released. 

“The world needs a new solution for the Gaza Strip,” Lapid said at an event held by the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD) think tank in Washington. “The solution is Egypt will take responsibility for the management of the Gaza Strip for eight years with an option to extend to 15 years.” 

Under Lapid’s plan, dubbed the “Egyptian solution,” Egypt would take control of internal civilian and security affairs in the enclave while leading a peace force in partnership with Gulf states and the international community “for the management and rebuilding of Gaza.” This period of Egyptian guardianship would lay the groundwork for Gaza’s self-governance, according to Lapid, and the Palestinian territory would be demilitarized. His plan leaves the door open for the Palestinian Authority to be involved in Gaza’s governance in the future after “a process of reform and de-radicalization.” 

As an incentive, the international community and regional allies would pay off Cairo’s $155 billion of foreign external debt. Lapid characterized his proposal as a means of simultaneously tackling Egypt’s economic challenges and Israel’s security concerns.

The proposal faces serious challenges right off the bat, most notably that Lapid has not yet consulted Egypt about the plan. “I am estimating they are going to say ‘no,’ and then ‘yes,’” Lapid said, adding, “I have worked with the Egyptians quite a bit and this is their way of doing business.” The Egyptian embassy in Washington did not immediately respond to a request for comment from Foreign Policy.

It’s also unclear whether the current Israeli government, which is not friendly to the notion of Palestinian self-governance, would be amenable to the basic tenets of Lapid’s Egyptian proposal.

But FDD CEO Mark Dubowitz hailed Lapid’s plan as putting “real meat on the bones to address core concerns about Gaza as expressed by President [Donald] Trump and the international community.” 

Lapid presented the plan just weeks after Trump put forward a controversial proposal for the United States to “take over” and rebuild Gaza, displacing the enclave’s entire Palestinian population in the process. 

 “It is worth noting the proposal doesn’t contradict the idea presented by President Trump that the U.S. and the international community will rebuild Gaza,” Lapid said, describing the plan as an opportunity for Washington to cooperate with Egypt in terms of investments in the enclave. 

But unlike Trump’s proposal, Lapid’s plan does not call for emptying Gaza out and seeing the local population moved into neighboring Arab countries—though Lapid said that Gazans would be permitted to leave under his plan.

As for whether Trump is open to this proposal, National Security Council spokesperson Brian Hughes told Foreign Policy that “President Trump stands by his current plan to rebuild Gaza and looks forward to discussing plans with our Israeli and Arab partners in the region.” 

Arab countries, which have firmly rejected Trump’s plan, are expected to present their own proposal at an emergency Arab League summit in Cairo on March 4.  

Though Egypt and other Arab countries are unlikely to respond to Lapid’s blueprint for Gaza with the same outrage as they did to Trump’s, experts are deeply skeptical that Cairo will be enthused by the prospect of being tied up in the Palestinian territories for years. 

Lapid’s plan is likely to make Egypt “nervous,” Steven A. Cook, a senior fellow for Middle East and Africa studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, told Foreign Policy, because from Egypt’s perspective, Israel has long wanted to “dump Gaza on them.” 

“The Egyptians don’t necessarily believe that they should be responsible for Gaza,” Cook said, adding that they think “it’s the Israelis who should have a lot to answer for there and that this is Palestinian land.”

The security implications of Lapid’s plan could also make it extremely unpalatable to Egypt.

 “The plan is not realistic. Egypt has made clear that it does not intend to act as Gaza’s policeman on behalf of Israel. This would be costly and difficult for Egypt and a political disaster for the [Abdel Fattah al-]Sisi regime at home,” Daniel Byman, the director of the Warfare, Irregular Threats, and Terrorism Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, told FP.

One of the most glaring obstacles is the fact that Hamas, though significantly weakened, remains in power in Gaza and is unlikely to cede authority voluntarily. This means that under Lapid’s plan, troops from Egypt and other Arab countries could potentially become entangled in clashes with Hamas and other militant groups operating in Gaza. 

“I can’t imagine that the ever-so-cautious Egyptian armed forces are going to want to deploy a lot of the guys into Gaza to maintain security, only to be shot at,” Cook said.