The war in Ukraine is bringing revolutionary changes to modern military strategy. After Ukrainian soldiers destroyed Russia’s Black Sea Fleet flagship, the Moskva cruiser, it became clear: the era of large warships is over, UkrInform reports.
Even without a full-fledged navy, Ukraine has managed to destroy 30% of Russia’s naval fleet. Among the most notable losses is the Moskva, a guided missile cruiser that was sunk in April 2022. The Ukrainian army used Neptune anti-ship missiles and Magura V5/V7 kamikaze sea drones, unmanned systems now being studied by other countries, including the US.
The Moskva proved that a large warship in the Black Sea is an easy target, says Mykola Shcherbakov, commander of a State Border Guard Sea Guard vessel.
“That’s why we need to be small, fast, and maneuverable. I think swarm tactics are what the future holds for us,” he believes.
Shcherbakov is convinced that Ukraine’s navy’s future lies in high automation, mobility, and modular platforms that can be reconfigured for various missions.
“A fleet is always very expensive. But small platforms with modular weaponry, missiles, air defense — that’s the path to success. And support from drones is essential,” he emphasizes.
He adds that the Sea Guard can also assign some tasks to unmanned systems—for example, during reconnaissance missions or in high-risk zones.
“Not all of our tasks require people on board. When it’s about documenting violations or communicating with fishermen, drones can’t replace a human. But when it comes to scouting or assessing the situation, maritime drones would be very appropriate,” Shcherbakov explains.
He says Ukraine has already shown the world its capabilities in unmanned maritime technology.
“There are already sea-based FPV drone variants, vessels equipped with air defense systems — even something resembling mini aircraft carriers that can carry reconnaissance or strike systems,” Shcherbakov notes.
Ukraine is currently at the forefront of using unmanned systems at sea, the Ukrainian commander emphasizes.