Unidentified drones in NATO airspace and a series of disruptions at European airports are now under investigation for suspected ties to Russia’s shadow fleet. On 1 October, the Institute for the Study of War (ISW) reported growing indications that Russian oil tankers may be involved in launching reconnaissance drones and sabotaging international aviation.

Drones spotted near Norwegian airports prompt arrests

Norwegian public broadcaster NRK reported that an unidentified drone was seen near Bronnesund Airport on 30 September. The incident forced the diversion of one scheduled flight and led to the cancellation of all others. The following day, police detained eight citizens of the People’s Republic of China near Svolvaer Airport after another report of drone activity. One of the tourists was arrested and authorities seized drone-related equipment.

NRK cited Norwegian police as saying there is no apparent connection at this stage between the detainees and any state actor. 

French authorities seize Russian tanker near Saint-Nazaire

On 30 September, French authorities intercepted the Russian-linked tanker Borocay off the coast of Saint-Nazaire in western France. On 1 October, they seized the vessel and detained both the captain and first mate. French President Emmanuel Macron stated that the crew had committed “very serious offenses.”

On 23 September, the the maritime-focused outlet Maritime Executive reported that the tanker was one of three Russian-linked ships near Copenhagen Airport when unidentified drones triggered a shutdown on 22 September. The publication noted that European officials are investigating those ships’ potential roles in the incursion.

Russian warship observed near Denmark during drone disruptions

Danish tabloid Ekstra Bladet reported that the Russian Ropucha-class landing ship Alexander Shabalin was positioned off the Danish coast for several days while drones repeatedly disrupted airports in Denmark. Authorities are currently investigating whether the warship played any role in the drone operations that affected civilian aviation.

Ukraine says Russia is launching drones from tankers

Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy stated on 28 September that Russian shadow fleet tankers are likely being used to launch drones into NATO airspace. Ukrainian Navy spokesperson Captain Third Rank Dmytro Pletenchuk reinforced the claim on 29 September, adding that Moscow is employing these vessels for reconnaissance and sabotage missions in international waters.